Presented By: Department of Astronomy
Astronomy Colloquium Series Presents
Dr. Max Moe, NASA Einstein Fellow, The University of Arizona
“The Formation of Close Binaries and Planets”
The formation and orbital migration of close binaries and hot Jupiters remain a mystery. The majority of very close binaries have outer tertiary companions, suggesting Kozai-Lidov oscillations coupled with tidal friction play an important role in their dynamical evolution. However, close pre main-sequence binaries are ubiquitous, indicating most close binaries migrated within a few Myr while there was still dissipative gas in the primordial disk. I will overview a new population synthesis model that incorporates more realistic initial conditions and a novel tidal mechanism to explain the formation of close binaries and hot Jupiters during the pre-main-sequence phase. Although planets may favor metal-rich hosts, recent observations demonstrate the close binary fraction dramatically increases toward lower metallicities. I will discuss five different observational techniques that corroborate this metallicity trend, and will outline a fragmentation model that reproduces the observations. I will conclude by highlighting how close binaries suppress the formation of close (S-type) planets. Close binaries therefore substantially bias planet occurrence rates and the inferred trends with respect to host mass and metallicity.
Please note: Should you require any reasonable accommodations to ensure equal access and opportunity related to this event please contact Stacy Tiburzi at 734-764-3440 or stibu@umich.edu.
The formation and orbital migration of close binaries and hot Jupiters remain a mystery. The majority of very close binaries have outer tertiary companions, suggesting Kozai-Lidov oscillations coupled with tidal friction play an important role in their dynamical evolution. However, close pre main-sequence binaries are ubiquitous, indicating most close binaries migrated within a few Myr while there was still dissipative gas in the primordial disk. I will overview a new population synthesis model that incorporates more realistic initial conditions and a novel tidal mechanism to explain the formation of close binaries and hot Jupiters during the pre-main-sequence phase. Although planets may favor metal-rich hosts, recent observations demonstrate the close binary fraction dramatically increases toward lower metallicities. I will discuss five different observational techniques that corroborate this metallicity trend, and will outline a fragmentation model that reproduces the observations. I will conclude by highlighting how close binaries suppress the formation of close (S-type) planets. Close binaries therefore substantially bias planet occurrence rates and the inferred trends with respect to host mass and metallicity.
Please note: Should you require any reasonable accommodations to ensure equal access and opportunity related to this event please contact Stacy Tiburzi at 734-764-3440 or stibu@umich.edu.
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