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DTSTAMP:20240901T082450
DTSTART;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T163000
SUMMARY:Workshop / Seminar:Biomedical Engineering Seminar Series
DESCRIPTION:Abstract:\nGenetic disorders caused by mutations in essential genes are a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. CRISPR-Cas9 technology allows us to precisely modify the genome. Gene insertion using Cas9 may restore the expression of these missing genes and treat genetic disorders. This restoration may be durable if achieved in long-lived tissue resident stem cells that give rise to different organs. However\, efficient gene insertion in stem cells in vivo is a technical challenge that limits the development of durable therapies for genetic disorders. We aim to develop improved methods to insert genes in stem cells both ex-vivo and in vivo for the treatment of genetic disorders.\n\nOur studies focus on replacing the CFTR gene that is involved in cystic fibrosis (CF). CF is a monogenic disorder that affects the lungs and many other organs. People with CF (pwCF) experience chronic infections that result in lung failure and death. Replacement of the CFTR gene in airway stem cells is thus likely to improve the survival of pwCF. However\, this is challenging because it is a long gene (~4500 bp) that does not fit into adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors that enable efficient gene insertion. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) packaged with Cas9 mRNA\, sgRNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) templates have been proposed as an alternative. ssDNA templates do not pose any size restriction theoretically. However\, they are prone to degradation by nucleases even when the last few bases are protected by chemical modifications. Recent studies from our group have investigated if protection of internal bases within ssDNA templates may limit nuclease degradation further and improve gene insertion. Our studies show that the modification of internal bases improves gene correction by 2-3-fold in airway stem cells. The correction of CF-causing mutations using internal base modified templates restores CFTR function to 30-60% of the levels seen in non-CF controls. Our chemically modified ssDNA templates are effective when delivered using lipid nanoparticles and electroporation. Moreover\, these templates are effective in other therapeutically relevant cells such as hematopoietic stem cells and T-cells. Ongoing studies are testing if these chemically modified ssDNA templates improve gene insertion in vivo. Apart from this study\, our group is interested in alternative strategies to improve gene insertion through the modulation of DNA repair pathways and in developing improved methods to transplant genome engineered stem cells into the airways. Overall\, these novel approaches to genome engineer stem cells may enable the development of durable therapies for devastating diseases such as CF.\n\nBio:\nSriram Vaidyanathan\, PhD\, is a principal investigator in the Center for Gene Therapy at the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and an assistant professor of Pediatrics at The Ohio State University College of Medicine. Dr. Vaidyanathan earned his bachelor’s degree in Biomedical Engineering from Purdue University and his PhD in Biomedical Engineering from the University of Michigan\, Ann Arbor. He completed his postdoctoral training with Dr. Matthew Porteus at Stanford University\, CA. His primary research interest has been the development of gene and cell therapies. His most recent work has been focused on the development of CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing to treat cystic fibrosis (CF). His lab continues to further develop genome editing approaches to treat CF and other genetic diseases.\n\nZoom:\nhttps://umich.zoom.us/j/94337625486
UID:125492-21855192@events.umich.edu
URL:https://events.umich.edu/event/125492
CLASS:PUBLIC
STATUS:CONFIRMED
CATEGORIES:biomedical,seminar,Research,Michigan Engineering,Medicine,engineering,engineer,bme,Biotechnology,Biosciences,Bioninterfaces,biomedical engineering,Biology,Biointerfaces,Alumni
LOCATION:Lurie Biomedical Engineering (formerly ATL) - 1130
CONTACT:
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20240830T100511
DTSTART;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T163000
SUMMARY:Lecture / Discussion:The Department of Astronomy 2024-2025 Colloquium Series Presents:
DESCRIPTION:Jamila’s Title: Finding low SNR exoplanets in data with complete signal models\n\nAbstract: Exoplanet signals in data are masked by complex instrumental noise and astrophysical sources of apriori unknown form. Traditional detection pipelines rely on sequential data processing with incomplete signal models at each step\, which can lead to overfitting and reduced detection sensitivity for faint exoplanetary signals. In this talk\, I will first describe my work on robust data-driven signal models and tractable joint-modeling approaches to improve the detection of weak exoplanet signals in transit light curves. These new joint-modelling approaches were used to search Kepler/TESS data and have so far uncovered 16 new data-rich exoplanet candidates.\nAnticipating future missions to directly image exoplanets with Earth-Sun sensitivities\, the second half of this talk will focus on optical modeling of starshades. Here I will present my work on developing tractable optical simulation techniques\, which I use to study the performance of starshades in the context of realistic astrophysical scenes. Broadly\, this work aims to assess the utility of starshades in preparation for HWO.\n\n\nFan’s Title: How do supermassive black holes grow from z = 4 to z = 0?\n\nAbstract: Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) grow together with their host galaxies throughout cosmic time\, and two growth channels are present – accretion and merger. I will talk about our recent efforts to build a complete picture of the SMBH growth under these two channels. Regarding the accretion channel\, the population mean SMBH accretion rate primarily correlates with galaxy stellar mass and redshift for the general galaxy population. I will present the survey data preparations briefly and the best measurements of this function\, where we use X-rays to sample the AGN accretion power and multiwavelength surveys to sample galaxies. I will then combine our observed accretion with modern cosmological simulations\, which provide merger information\, to illustrate how SMBHs evolve from z = 4 to z = 0. Our analyses can predict multiple properties of the SMBH population\, such as their mass function\, their scaling relation with their host stellar mass\, and the contributions of the two growth channels to the overall SMBH population growth.
UID:125409-21854921@events.umich.edu
URL:https://events.umich.edu/event/125409
CLASS:PUBLIC
STATUS:CONFIRMED
CATEGORIES:astrophysics,astronomy
LOCATION:West Hall - 411
CONTACT:
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20240831T162707
DTSTART;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Detroit:20240905T170000
SUMMARY:Workshop / Seminar:DE Seminar: Singularity Formation in Fluids
DESCRIPTION:Whether the 3D incompressible Euler equations can develop a finite-time singularity from smooth initial data is an outstanding open problem. In this talk\, I will discuss singularity formation in incompressible Euler equations with smooth data and boundary and present a framework for stable nearly self-similar blowup. In contrast to incompressible fluids\, singularity formation in compressible Euler equations has been established for a long time. However\, whether vorticity blows up in compressible fluids at the first singular time remains an open problem. We will generalize several methods and insights from incompressible fluids to establish vorticity blowup in compressible Euler equations with smooth and non-vacuous initial data.
UID:124871-21853970@events.umich.edu
URL:https://events.umich.edu/event/124871
CLASS:PUBLIC
STATUS:CONFIRMED
CATEGORIES:Mathematics
LOCATION:East Hall - 4088
CONTACT:
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