Impulsivity and urgency, a facet of impulsivity defined as the tendency to engage in impulsive behavior when experiencing strong emotions, have wide-ranging implications for physical and mental health. Research on urgency, however, is at a crossroads. On the one hand, there is an extensive body of research on trait self-reports of urgency, suggesting that urgency is a valid and robust construct. On the other hand, more recent work using ambulatory assessment methods has suggested that trait self-reports of urgency are unrelated to state urgency, assessed as the covariance between people’s experienced emotions and impulsivity in the moment. In this Methods Hour talk, we will discuss some of the challenges with assessing urgency in the moment as well as the potential implications of a novel conceptualization of state urgency. Are state and trait urgency different constructs? Are trait measures of urgency truly capturing the theorized construct? How is state urgency best assessed in the moment?