The Drosophila malagonaster (fruit fly) accessory gland (AG) is functionally and structurally analogous to the mammalian prostate and serves as a model for epithelial growth and tissue plasticity. Like the mammalian prostate, the fly AG consists of two types of secretory epithelial cells, an extracellular matrix, and a surrounding innervated muscle sheath. The secretory epithelium is composed of large, postmitotic cells that are binucleated and polyploid, revealing that the differentiation process for the development of this tissue involves extensive cell cycle remodeling, such as skipping cytokinesis to result in bi-nucleation and skipping M-phases to result in polyploidy. Following eclosion, the tissue goes through a pronounced growth phase during the first 10 days of adult life. However because this tissue remains post mitotic in the adult, cell cycle activity during the first 4 hours after adult emergence, drives growth through a further increase in cell ploidy (chromosome content) during organ maturation. We have also observed that damage to this tissue induces compensatory cellular enlargement through increases in polyploidy, a response analogous to hypertrophic growth observed in the mammalian liver following a partial hepatectomy. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to characterize transcriptional dynamics during the first five days post-eclosion to identify gene expression changes underlying early AG growth. In parallel, tissue wound healing capabilities were assessed using a novel acute puncture model. Recovery following damage was evaluated through fluorescent staining and a damage responsive GFP reporter line, enabling visualization of cellular responses and identification of candidate pathways in damage induced growth. Together, these findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in growth and tissue plasticity in the AG and establish a framework for studying epithelial regeneration in a system that allows for direct genetic analysis.