Earthquake-related displacements of topography and subsequent surface process responses have meters of magnitude typically and occur across fault zones 10s to 1000s of meters wide and as much as 100s of km long. Given these spatial constraints, it is essential to have the right capability to measure the resultant features at the appropriate fine scale. High resolution topography samples the ground surface at least once per square meter and has decimeter local or preferably global accuracy. Analyses of high resolution topography in the study of active faulting can be divided into 4 classes: fault zone mapping, reconstructing surface deformation including offset, investigating geomorphic responses to active deformation, and differencing of repeat surveys for both fault and ground failure characterization.