Jomon is the name of the prehistoric period and culture on the Japanese archipelago that follows the Paleolithic period and precedes the agricultural Yayoi period. This talk reviews new developments and current issues in Jomon archaeology, with an emphasis on long-term continuity and change in landscape practices in different parts of the Japanese archipelago. New lines of archaeological evidence, including molecular isotopic investigation of pottery and summed probability distribution of 14C dates, can help archaeologists tackle key questions that still remain unanswered.