With the inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research, it has become increasingly important to consider how data are analyzed so that the presence or absence of sex differences can be assessed. Dr. Becker will discuss the analysis of sex differences data sets obtained from research with both animal and human subjects. The group will then discuss provocative questions in this area, including whether females are more variable than males, what constitutes a sex difference in any given trait, the point at which sex differences should be considered, potential times in which sex differences should not be considered, and the role of the estrous cycle/ menstrual cycle.