Hannah will be presenting Abandoning Obsolete Technologies in Medicine: Preliminary Evidence.

Abstract: The extent that medical practice relies on evidence varies by specialty. Practices that become popular based on promising case studies are especially susceptible to evidence reversal. Medical reversal occurs when a procedure that is common in clinical practice is shown to be ineffective or even harmful. Failure to quickly abandon reversed practices dampens productivity in the medical sector and results in wasteful spending. I present preliminary evidence about the speed of de-adoption, using the procedures of vertebroplasy and percutaneous coronary interventions as case studies.

Marlous will be presenting The Great Convergence: Skill Accumulation and Mass Education in Africa and Asia, 1870-2010.

Abstract: While human capital has gained prominence in new vintages of growth theory, economists have struggled to find the positive externalities of mass education in developing economies. We shed new light on the economic significance of the global ‘schooling revolution’ by looking at a different indicator of human capital accumulation – the relative price of skilled labor – and placing it in a long-term global perspective. Based on a new wage dataset we constructed for various blue- and white-collar occupations in 50 African and Asian countries between 1870-2010, we reveal that skill-premiums have fallen dramatically everywhere in the course of the 20th century, and that they have now converged with levels that dominated in the West already for centuries. While such a ‘great convergence’ in skill-premiums is not a sufficient condition for Schumpeterian growth by itself, the growing availability of affordable skills is a necessary condition. Our findings therefore shed a more optimistic light on the long-term economic gains of mass education in the global South than standard growth regressions have hitherto done.